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Scroll down for a list of the scientific papers and other sources consulted while researching this book.

Further Reading

Abbott, Daisy T., The Indoor Gardener, University of Minnesota Press, 1939.

Adams, W. H. Davenport, Wonders of the Vegetable World, T. Nelson and Sons, 1867.

Allan, Mea, Tom’s Weeds: Story of the Rochfords and Their House Plants, Faber & Faber, 1970.

Altman, Boy, Indoor Ferns: Caring for Ferns, Rebo Productions, 1998 Bown, Deni, Aroids: Plants of the Arum Family, Timber Press, 2000 — Aroids: Plants of the Arum Family (second edition), Timber Press, 2010.

Buchmann, Stephen, The Reason for Flowers: Their History, Culture, Biology, and How They Change Our Lives, Scribner, 2015 Burchell, William J., Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa, Volume 1, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1822.

Candeias, Matt, In Defense of Plants, Mango Media, 2021.

Carter, S., Lavranos, J. J., Newton, L. E. and Walker, C. C., Aloes: The Definitive Guide, Kew Publishing, 2011.

Chahinian, B. Juan, The Splendid Sansevieria, Trans Terra Publishing, 1986.

Condit, Ira J., Ficus: The Exotic Species, University of California, Division of Agricultural Sciences, 1969.

Crow, Juliana, Your Indoor Plants: From Aspidistra to Zalacca, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1952.

Cruso, Thalassa, Making Things Grow, Alfred A. Knopf, 1969 Culpeper, Nicholas, Culpeper’s Complete Herbal: Illustrated and Annotated Edition, Arcturus Publishing, 2019.

Cunningham, Scott, Cunningham’s Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs, Llewellyn Publications, 2012.

D’Amato, Peter (revisited by), The Savage Garden, Ten Speed Press, 2013.

Diaz, Juliet, Plant Witchery, Hay House, 2020.

Earle, Roy A. and Round, Janice E., Lithops in Habitat and Cultivation, Lavenham Press, 2021.

Garrett, J. T., The Cherokee Herbal: Native Plant Medicine from the Four Directions, Bear & Company, 2003.

Graf, Alfred Byrd, Exotica: Pictorial Cyclopedia of Indoor Plants, Roehrs Company, 1958.

Griffin-King, June, Indoor Gardening (Ladybird Series 633), Ladybird Books, 1976.

Griffith Jr, Lynn P., Tropical Foliage Plants: A Grower’s Guide, Ball Publishing, 2006.

Heine, Bernd and Legère, Karsten, Swahili Plants: An Ethnobotanical Survey, Rüdiger Köppe, 1995.

Hessayon , Dr D. G., Gold Plated Houseplant Expert, Ebury Press, 1989 — The House Plant Expert, PBI Publications, 1980.

Horwood, Catherine, Potted History: The Story of Plants in the Home, Frances Lincoln, 2007.

Hoshizaki, Barbara Joe, Fern Grower’s Manual, Alfred A. Knopf, 1975.

Jenkins, Dorothy H. and Van Pelt Wilson, Helen, Enjoy Your House Plants, M. Barrows & Company, 1948.

Kramer, Jack, Begonias as Houseplants, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1976.

Kramer, Jack, Ferns and Palms for Interior Decoration, Grendel Books, 1972.

Kramer, Jack, Indoor Trees, Val Waring, 1978.

Lawrence, Gale, A Naturalist Indoors: Observing the World of Nature Inside Your Home, Phalarope Books, 2000.

Lee, David, Nature’s Fabric: Leaves in Science and Culture, University of Chicago Press, 2017.

Lloyd, Christopher, The Adventurous Gardener, Penguin Books, 1985.

Loewer, Peter, The Evening Garden, Hungry Minds Inc., 1993.

Loudon, J. C., The Green-House Companion, Whittaker, Treacher and Co., 1832.

Mabey, Richard, The Cabaret of Plants: Botany and the Imagination, Profile Books, 2015.

Martin, Tovah, Once Upon a Windowsill, Timber Press, 1988.Mayo, S. J., Flora of T

ropical East Africa – Araceae, Routledge, 1985.

Mwachala, Geoffrey and Mbugua, Paul Kamau, Flora of Tropical East Africa: Dracaenaceae, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2007.

Nelson, E. Charles and McKinley, Donald, Venus’s Flytrap (Natural History Series), Boethius Press, 1991.

Nelson, Gil, The Ferns of Florida: A Reference and Field Guide, Pineapple Press, 2000.

Ollerton, Jeff, Pollinators & Pollination, Pelagic Publishing, 2021.

Parmenter, Ross, The Plant in My Window, TY Crowell Company, 1949.

Perry, Frances, Beautiful Leaved Plants, Scholar Press, 1978 Phillips, Henry, Floral Emblems, Saunders and Otley, 1825.

Reynolds, Gilbert Westacott, The Aloes of Tropical Africa and Madagascar, Swaziland: Aloes Book Fund, 1966.

Rochford, Thomas and Gorer, Richard, The Rochford Book of Houseplants, Faber & Faber, 1961.

Rowley, Gordon, Succulent Compositae: A Grower’s Guide to the Succulent Species of Senecio and Othonna, Strawberry Press, 1994.

Sayers, Edward, The American Flower Garden Companion, J. A. James, 1846.

Schiebinger, Linda and Swan, Claudia, Colonial Botany: Science, Commerce, and Politics in the Early Modern World, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007.

Simons, Paul, Potted Histories: How to Make House Plants Feel at Home, BBC Publications, 1996.

Solman, David, Loddiges of Hackney: The Largest Hothouse in the World, The Hackney Society, 1995.

Sparke, Penny, Nature Inside: Plants and Flowers in the Modern Interior, Yale University Press, 2021.

Steele, Joelle, Interior Landscaping Dictionary, John Wiley, 1992 Stover, Hermine, The Sansevieria Book, Endangered Species Press, 1983.

Sturgeon, Andy, Potted, Conran Octopus, 2001.

Success With House Plants, Reader’s Digest, 1979.

Tan, Hugh T. W. and Xingli, Giam, Plant Magic: Auspicious and Inauspicious Plants from Around the World, Marshall Cavendish, 2008.

Teltscher, Kate, Palace of Palms: Tropical Dreams and the Making of Kew, Picador, 2020.

Titchmarsh, Alan, The Hamlyn Guide to Houseplants, Littlehampton Book Services, 1982.

Torre, Dan, Cactus, Reaktion Books, 2017.

Torre, Dan, Carnivorous Plants, Reaktion Books, 2019.

Utteridge, Timothy, Kew Tropical Plant Identification Handbook, Kew Publishing, 2015.

van Wyk, Braam, Field Guide to the Trees of Southern Africa, Struik Nature, 2013.

Vickery, Roy, Vickery’s Folk Flora: An A–Z of the Folklore and Uses of British and Irish Plants, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2019.

Wennström, Anders and Stenman, Katarina, The Genus Hoya: Species and Cultivation, Original, 2008.

Whittingham, Sarah, Fern Fever: The Story of Pteridomania, Frances Lincoln, 2012.

Wiersema, John Harry, World Economic Plants: A Standard Reference (second edition), CRC Press, 2013.

Willis, Abigail, The Remarkable Case of Dr Ward and Other Amazing Garden Innovations, Laurence King Publishing, 2018.


Legends research resources

Below is a list of the major articles, academic papers and other research resources consulted while researching Legends of the Leaf.

These are links to third-party content, some of which may require subscriptions to view. The links were checked on April 5 2023. The author is not responsible for the content on third-party sites.

Chapter 1 -Aegagropila linnaei, marimo moss ball 

Boedeker, C, Eggert, A, Immers, A, Wakana, I (2010) ‘Biogeography of Aegagropila linnaei (Cladophorophyceae, Chlorophyta): a widespread freshwater alga with low effective dispersal potential shows a glacial imprint in its distribution’, Journal of Biogeography 37, 8, 1491- 1503 https://www.jstor.org/stable/40802501 

Boedeker, C, Eggert, A, Immers, A, Smets, E (2010) ’Global Decline of and Threats to Aegagropila linnaei, with Special Reference to the Lake Ball Habit’ BioScience 60, 3, 187-198. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/bio.2010.60.3.5

Boedeker, C, Immers, A (2009) No more lake balls (Aegagropila linnaei Kützing, Cladophorophyceae, Chlorophyta) in The Netherlands?’, Aquatic Ecology 43891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-009-9231-1

Chakraborty, A, Mokudai, K, Watanabe, M et al, (2017) ‘Natural Heritage of Japan -Geological, Geomorphological, and Ecological Aspects’, Springer International Publishing.

Phillips, N, Draper, TC, Mayne, R, Adamatzky, A (2019) ‘Marimo machines: oscillators, biosensors and actuators’ Journal of Biological Engineering 13, 72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-019-0200-5 

Togashi, T Sasaki, H, Yoshimura, J (2014) ‘A geometrical approach explains Lake Ball (Marimo) formations in the green alga, Aegagropila linnaei’ Scientific Reports 4, 3761 https://www.nature.com/articles/srep03761

Umekawa, T, Wakana, I, Ohara, M (2021) Reproductive behavior and role in maintaining an aggregative form of the freshwater green alga Marimo, Aegagropila linnaei, in Lake Akan, Hokkaido, Japan Aquatic Botany 168, 103309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2020.103309

Soejima, A., Yamazaki, N., Nishino, T. et al. (2009) ‘Genetic variation and structure of the endangered freshwater benthic alga Marimo, Aegagropila linnaei (Ulvophyceae) in Japanese lakes’. Aquatic Ecology 43, 359–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-008-9204-9

Thiamdao S, Boo, GH, Boo, SM, Peerapornpisal, Y, (2012) ‘Diversity of Edible Cladophora (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) in Northern and Northeastern Thailand, Based on Morphology and Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences’ Chiang Mai J. Science; 39, 2, 300-310. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286992240_Diversity_of_Edible_Cladophora_Cladophorales_Chlorophyta_in_Northern_and_Northeastern_Thailand_Based_on_Morphology_and_Nuclear_Ribosomal_DNA_Sequences

Chapter 2 - Aloe vera, true aloe 

Ceuterick, M., Vandebroek, I., Torry, B., Pieroni, A. (2008). ‘Cross-cultural adaptation in urban ethnobotany: The Colombian folk pharmacopoeia in London’. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,120, 342–59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.004.

Fitch, C.M. (1981, February 15). ‘Aloe, A Good Luck Plant’, New York Times, Section 2: 33, https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/15/arts/leisure-aloe-a-good-luck-plant.html.

Grace, O.M., Buerki, S., Symonds, M.R. et al. (2015) ‘Evolutionary history and leaf succulence as explanations for medicinal use in aloes and the global popularity of Aloe vera’. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 15, 29, 15-29, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0291-7

Kawa, N.C. (2021). ‘Plants that Keep the Bad Vibes Away: Boundary Maintenance and Phyto-Communicability in Urban Amazonia’. Ethnos, 86, 2, 228-44.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00141844.2020.1765830.

Lane, E.W. (2012/1836). An account of the manners and customs of the modern Egyptians. London, Charles Knight and Co., https://doi.org/10.5743/cairo/9789774165603.001.0001

Morton, J.F. (1961). ‘Folk uses and commercial exploitation of Aloe leaf pulp’. Economic Botany, 15, 4, 311-9. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4252295.

Newton, L.E. (1979). ‘In defence of the name Aloe vera’. Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain, 41, 2, 29-30, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42786287.

Newton, L.E. (2008). ‘Coming clean with aloe soap’. CactusWorld, 26, 250, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42794967.

Noble, W.C. (1974). ‘Aloes in medicine, yesterday and today’.The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 29, 3, 87-8, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42791910

Chapter 3 - Aspidistra elatior, cast iron plant

The story of each Aspidistra leaf being worth £100 of a family’s income is mentioned in the book English Furniture by John Gloag, Envins Press, 2008.

The photo of the women holding aspidistras in front of their bombed out house in 1940 can be viewed here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blitz#/media/File:Air_Raid_Damage_in_London,_1940_HU36206.jpg

Wartime transmitter named Aspidistra: https://history.blog.gov.uk/2019/08/08/aspidistra-the-wartime-breakthrough-youve-never-heard-of/.

You can see Gracie Fields performing song The Biggest Aspidistra in the World here: https://youtube.com/lHN-ZQzkJJU.

The advertisement for aspidistra leaves from The Florist’s Exchange, January 2 1904 can be viewed here: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25074491#page/10/mode/1up.

Read the article listing Aspidistra elatior as a popular houseplant in ‘Plants for growing in living rooms’, The Gardeners Chronicle May 16 1891, 620, https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Gardeners_Chronicle_New_Horticulturist/EH3nAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=aspidistra+elatior+gardeners+chronicle&pg=PA620&printsec=frontcover

Averyanov, L.V, Tillic, H.J, (2012). New taxa of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from central Vietnam, Turczaninowia, 15, 1, 5–10. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314035514_New_taxa_of_Aspidistra_Asparagaceae_from_central_Vietnam.

Bandehali ,S, Miri, T, Onyeaka, H, Kumar, P. (2021) ‘Current State of Indoor Air Phytoremediation Using Potted Plants and Green Walls’. Atmosphere, 12, 473. https:// doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040473.

Clarke, B. (2012). ‘“The poor man's club”: The middle classes, the public ouse, and the idea of community in the nineteen-thirties’. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, 45, 2, 39-54. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44030680.

Koketsu, M, Kim, M, Yamamotom, T. (1996). ‘Antifungal Activity against Food-Borne Fungi of Aspidistra elatior Blume’, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44, 1, 301–303. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf950273r.

Suetsugu, K and Sueyoshi, M. (2018). ‘Subterranean flowers of Aspidistra elatior are mainly pollinated by not terrestrial amphipods but fungus gnats’, Ecology, 99 (1), 244–246. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26624033.

Chapter 4 - Begonia maculata, polka dot begonia 

Begonia (1870), The California Horticulturist and Floral Magazine, 321-322, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/119652.

Begonia argyrostigma, The Botanical Register, v. 8 (1822) plate 666 https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/131668.

‘Plants for Windows’ The Gardening World November 14 1891, 164.

Baldini, RM, Pignotti, L. (2018). ‘Giuseppe Raddi (1770–1829): an Italian and Florentine naturalist, pioneer on Brazilian territory, his contribution to the knowledge of the Neotropical Flora and his legacy to the biodiversity of the third millennium’, Webbia: Journal of Plant taxonomy and Geography, https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2018.1444463.

Gong, W, Liu, Y et al. (2020). ‘Why Are There so Many Plant Species That Transiently Flush Young Leaves Red in the Tropics?’ Frontiers in Plant Science, Sec. Functional Plant Ecology, 11 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00083.

Hughes, N.M., Carpenter, K.L., Keidel, T.S. et al. (2014). Photosynthetic costs and benefits of abaxial versus adaxial anthocyanins in Colocasia esculenta ‘Mojito’. Planta 240, 971–981. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2090-6.

Managlia A Ranalli R. (2018). ‘The contribution of Giuseppe Raddi to Antonio Bertoloni’s collections at the Herbarium of the University of Bologna’, Webbia: Journal of Plant taxonomy and Geography. 10.1080/00837792.2018.1447857 

Laferrière JE. (1992). ‘Begonias as Food and Medicine’ Economic Botany, 46, 1, 114-116. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4255414

Plainfield, N.J.,Moldenke, HN, Moldenke, AL (1981) ‘Studies in the Begoniaceae’ Phytologia Memoirs 4. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48973

Sheue, C, Pao, S, Chien, L, Chesson, P and Peng, C. (2012). ‘Natural foliar variegation without costs? The case of Begonia,’ Annals of Botany, 109, Issue 6, May, Pages 1065–1074, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs025

Soltau, U, Dötterl, S, Liede-Schumann, S. (2009). ’Leaf variegation in Caladium steudneriifolium (Araceae): A case of mimicry?’ Evolutionary Ecology 23,4, 503-512. 10.1007/s10682-008-9248-2

Tebbitt, M (2005) ‘Begonias: Cultivation, Identification and Natural History’, Timber Press.

Wolfe, D. (2021). ‘The Polka Dot Begonia: Too Cute to Be Real?’ Real Simple magazine https://www.realsimple.com/home-organizing/gardening/indoor/polka-dot-begonia-indoor-care.



Chapter 5

Ceropegia woodii, string of hearts 

Cannells Floral Guide, 1904, xxiii https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49073126#page/27/mode/1up.

Fowler, A, February 2013 ‘February in the garden sucks – houseplants are the answer’, The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/feb/02/alys-fowler-houseplants.

Examples of using Ceropegia tubers as grafts http://www2.arnes.si/~sspimule/jest/Clanki/Cepljen/Grafting.htm.

‘Ceropegia woodi’, The Gardeners’ Chronicle April 22 1905 ser.3:v.37: page 241, 244. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83825.

Anon. (1899) ‘Ceropegia woodii’, A Catalogue of New Rare and Beautiful Plants offered by John Bull, 10. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/192980

Anon. (1951) ‘The lovely rosary vine’, Rural New Yorker 101, 228. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/279864

Anon. (1946) ‘House plants without direct sunlight’, Rural New Yorker, 105, 252. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/279892.

Anon. (1902) ‘Ceropegia woodii’ The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches, 62, 90. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/82677

Chavan, JJ, Gaikwad, NB, Dixit GB et al. (2018). ‘Biotechnological interventions for propagation, conservation and improvement of ‘Lantern Flowers’ (Ceropegia spp.)’ South African Journal of Botany 114, 192–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.10.021.

John Medley Wood’s Botanical Exploration of Southern Africa: An illustrated history of early botanical literature on the Cape Flora, Biographical accounts of the leading plant collectors and their activities in southern Africa form the days of the East India Company until the modern times. 26: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/244776.

Heiduk, A, Brake, I, et al. (2016). Ceropegia sandersonii Mimics Attacked Honeybees to Attract Kleptoparasitic Flies for Pollination, Current Biology 26, 20, 2787-2793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.085.

Heiduk, A, Meve, U, Menzel F et al. (2021). ‘Fly Pollination of Kettle Trap Flowers of Riocreuxia torulosa (Ceropegieae-Anisotominae): A Generalized System of Floral Deception’ Plants, 10, 1564.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ plants10081564.

Higgins, V, (1938). ‘Ceropegias’ The Cactus Journal, 7, 1, 13-16. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42785041.

McDowell, C, (1991). ‘Growing succulents under cover in South Africa The cultivation of the asclepiads’, Botany Department, University of Cape Town. 

Pradeepika, C, Selvakumar R, Nabi, S. (2018). ‘Ethnopharmacology and toxicology of threatened tuberous plant genus Ceropegia sp. L.: A review’ The Pharma Innovation Journal ; 7, 9, 192-196. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344327156_Ethnopharmacology_and_toxicology_of_threatened_tuberous_plant_genus_Ceropegia_sp_L_A_review.



Chapter 6 - Chlorophytum comosum, spider plant

Anon. (January 11 1873). ‘Hanging baskets of hardy plants’. Gardeners’ Chronicle,

Anon. (January 18 1873) ‘Anthericum comosum’, Gardeners’ Chronicle, 75.

Anon. (1910). ‘Plant notes - Chlorophytum comosum,’ Gardeners’ Chronicle, 3, 48, 75, 261. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83835

Anon. ‘Chlorophytum’, Vick’s Illustrated Magazine. 5, 882. https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Vick_s_Monthly_Magazine/tVojAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Goethe+chlorophytum&pg=PA248-IA2&printsec=frontcover.

Balzer, G. ‘Die Geschichte einer Goethe-Pflanze (Anthericum comosum oder Sternbergs Grünlilie)’
in: Goethe : Viermonatsschr. d. Goethe-Gesellschaft ; neue Folge d. Jahrbuchs | Goethe : Viermonatsschr. d. Goethe- Gesellschaft ; neue Folge d. Jahrbuchs’ 310-332.

Dold, A.P. & Cocks, M.L. (1999). Preliminary list of Xhosa plant names from the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 29,2: 267-292. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266474646_Preliminary_list_of_Xhosa_plant_names_from_Eastern_Cape_South_Africa.

Ellen, R, Komáromi, R. (2013). ‘Social exchange and vegetative propagation: An untold story of British potted plants’. Anthropology Today, 29, 1, 3-7. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23486435.

Mucina, L., Rutherford, M.C. (2006). ‘The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland’, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287992846_The_vegetation_of_South_Africa_Lesotho_and_Swaziland.

Rohit1, S, Gulab T et al. (2012). ‘Saponin: A wonder drug from Chlorophytum species’. Global Journal of Research on Medicinal Plants & Indigenous Medicine, 1, 10, 503-515. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232767527_SAPONIN_A_WONDER_DRUG_FROM_CHLOROPHYTUM_SPECIES.

Royle, E.T. (1942). ‘Ruralisms’, Rural New Yorker, 101. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/276805.

Wood, J.M., Evans, M.S., (1902). ‘Natal plants: Descriptions and figures of Natal indigenous plants, with notes on their distribution, economic value, native names, &c.,’ 3. Natal Government and Durban Botanic Society. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287992846_The_vegetation_of_South_Africa_Lesotho_and_Swaziland.



Chapter 7 - Crassula ovata, jade plant 

Chokhone, K, Talukdar, K, Sarma, M.P et al. (2017). ‘Screening of phytochemicals and evaluation of anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and in-vitro antidiabetic activity of crassula ovata leaves’, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 8, 2, 859-64. http://10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.

Hall, H. (1949). ‘Crassula argentea’, The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 4, 3, 47 https://www.jstor.org/stable/42788942.

Jones, L.A., (2011). ‘Anatomical adaptations of four Crassula species to water availability’, Bioscience Horizons, 4, 11. http://10.1093/biohorizons/hzr002.

Lockett, J, W. C. K. (1982) ‘Portrait Gallery: Crassula ovata’, The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 37, 4, 112, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42790732.

Martin, C.E, Willert, D.J. von. (2000). ‘Leaf Epidermal Hydathodes and the Ecophysiological Consequences of Foliar Water Uptake in Species of Crassula from the Namib Desert in Southern Africa’, Plant Biology 2, 2, 229-242. 10.1055/s-2000-9163.

Muiruri1, M.D, Mwangi1, W. (2016)Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of (Crassula ovata) Jade Plant on Different Strains of Bacteria’, European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 11, 1, 1-12. http://10.9734/EJMP/2016/19753.

Rost, T.L. (1969). ‘Vascular Pattern and Hydathodes in Leaves of Crassula argentea (Crassulaceae)’, Botanical Gazette, 130, 4, 267-270. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2473651.

Charles-Dominique, T, Davies, T. Hempson, G.P. et al. (2016). ‘Spiny plants, mammal browsers, and the origin of African savannas,’ Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113, 38, E5572-E5579. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26471661.


Chapter 8 - Curio rowleyanus, string of pearls
 

Hillson, C.J (1979). ‘Leaf Development in Senecio rowleyanus (Compositae)’, American Journal of Botany, 66, 1, 59-63. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2442625.

Jacobsen, H. (1968). ‘String-of-beads senecio: Senecio rowleyanus Jacobs nov. spec.’, The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 23, 2, 30-31. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42788818.

Measures, J. (1958). The Treatment of imported succulents’, The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 13, 1, 17. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42788320.

Nordenstam, B, Pelser, P.B., Kadereit J.W., Watson, L.E. (2009). ‘Senecioneae’. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247159020_Senecioneae

Rowley, G (1978). ‘Caudex and Caudiciform: Definitions, Aims and Applications’ Author(s): Gordon Rowley, The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 33, 4, 79-82. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42791205.

Rowley, G. (1979). ‘Status Symbols for Succulents in Cultivation,’ The Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain, 41, 1, 7-9. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42786897.

Rowley, G, Measures, J. (1958). ‘Whitsun Safari’, The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 13, 3, 47-52. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42788356.

Walker, C. (2016). A couple of Curios. Northants News, 27, 1, 5–7.

Walker, Colin (2019). ‘The life and times of Gordon Rowley (1921-2019)’. CactusWorld, 37(4) pp. 257–262.

Walker, C. (1999). ‘Senecio rowleyanus’, Flowering Plants of South Africa, 56, 116-120.

Walker, C, Thorburn, M. (2008). ‘Reminiscences of a member of the Gordon Rowley fan club’, CactusWorld, 26, 4, 199-202. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42794955.



Chapter 9 - Dieffenbachia seguine, leopard lily

Arditti, J, Rodriguez, E. (1982) ’Dieffenbachia: uses, abuses and toxic constituents: a review’, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 5, 293-302. http://10.1016/0378-8741(82)90015-0.

Barnes, B.A, Fox, L.E. (1955). ‘Poisoning with Dieffenbachia’, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 10, 2, 173-81. 10.1093/jhmas/x.2.173.

Coté, G.G. (2009). ‘Diversity and Distribution of Idioblasts Producing Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Dieffenbachia seguine (Araceae)’, American Journal of Botany 96, 7, 1245-1254. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27733457.

Croat, T.B, (2004). ‘Revision of "Dieffenbachia" (Araceae) of Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies,’ Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 91, 4, 668-772. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3298554.

Gibernau, M. (2015) ‘Pollination ecology of two Dieffenbachia in French Guiana,’ Aroideana: Journal of the International Aroid Society 38E, 2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281742562_Pollination_ecology_of_two_Dieffenbachia_in_French_Guiana.

Kawa, N.C, (2020). ‘Plants that Keep the Bad Vibes Away: Boundary Maintenance and Phyto-Communicability in Urban Amazonia’, Ethnos 86,1, 1-17. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341811681.

Karrer, P. (2011). ‘The Alkaloids of Curare: Alkaloids from Calabashes and Strychnos Barks’ Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 8, 1, 161–184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1956.tb12144.x.

Kenny, M.G (2002). ’A Darker Shade of Green: Medical Botany, Homeopathy, and Cultural Politics in Interwar Germany’, Social History of Medicine, 15, 3, 481–504. https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/15.3.481.

Plowman, T. (1969) ‘Folk Uses of New World Aroids’, Economic Botany, 23, 2, 97-122. http://www.jstor.com/stable/4253029

Ray, T.S, (1992). ‘Foraging Behaviour in Tropical Herbaceous Climbers (Araceae)’, Journal of Ecology, 80, 2, 189-203. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2261006.

Webb, M.A. (1999). ‘Cell-Mediated Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in Plants’ The Plant Cell, 11, 4, Special Review Issue on Plant Cells and Organelles, 751-761. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3870897.

Wells, K.D, Schwartz, J.J, (1982). ‘The Effect of Vegetation on the Propagation of Calls in the Neotropical Frog Centrolenella fleischmanni’, Herpetologica 38, 4, 449-455. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3892174.



Chapter 10 - Dionaea muscipula, Venus flytrap 

Fabricant, A, Iwata, G, Scherzer, Z, et al. (2021). ‘Action potentials induce biomagnetic fields in carnivorous Venus flytrap plants,’ Scientific Reports, 11, 1438. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81114-w#Sec4.

Gibson, T, Waller, D. Evolving Darwin's ‘most wonderful’ plant: ecological steps to a snap-trap,’ New Phytologist, 183, 3, 757-587. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02935.x.

Hallock, T. (2005). ‘Male Pleasure and the Genders of Eighteenth-Century Botanic Exchange: A Garden Tour’, The William and Mary Quarterly, 62, 4, 697-718. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3491445.

Hutchens, J. ‘Prey capture in the Venus flytrap: Collection or selection?’ Botany 87, 10, 1007-1010.

Joel, D, Juniper, B, Dafni, A. (1985). ‘Ultraviolet Patterns in the Traps of Carnivorous Plants,’ The New Phytologist , 101, 4, 585-593. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2432892.

Kinch, M. (1986). ‘The Meteoric Career of William Young, Jr. (1742-1785), Pennsylvania Botanist to the Queen’ The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 110, 3, 359-388. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20092021.

Luken, J, Hutchens, J. (2005). ‘Habitats of Dionaea muscipula (Venus' Fly Trap), Droseraceae, Associated with Carolina Bays’, Southeastern Naturalist, 4, 4 (2005), 573-584. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3878224.

Makowski, W, Królicka, A, et al. ‘Transformed tissue of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis as a source of biologically active phenolic compounds with bactericidal properties’, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, 1215–1226. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-021-11101-8.

Williams S, Hartmeyer, S. (2017) ‘Prey capture by Dionaea muscipula - A review of scientific literature with supplementary original research’, Carnivorous Plant Newsletter, 46, 2, 44-61. 10.55360/cpn462.sw296.

Williams, S. (1980). ‘How Venus’ flytraps catch spider and ants’, Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 9, 3. https://cpn.carnivorousplants.org/articles/CPNv09n3p65_75_78.pdf.

Waller, B, Johnson, Y. et al. (2016). Petition to list the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) as Endangered under the 1973 Endangered Species Act. 10.13140/RG.2.2.24190.59204.

Kaelin, M. (2014). ‘The Life and Death of Arthur Dobbs,’ Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 43, 3. https://cpn.carnivorousplants.org/articles/CPNv43n3p100_102.pdf.



Chapter 11 - Epipremnum aureum, devil’s ivy 

Boyce, P. (2004). ‘A Review of Epipremnum (Araceae) in Cultivation,’ Journal of the International Aroid Society 27, 199-205. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308503215_A_Review_of_Epipremnum_Araceae_in_Cultivation.

Boyce, P. (1998). ‘The Genus Epipremnum Schott (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in West and Central Malesia’, Blumea 43, 183-213. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283626991_The_Genus_Epipremnum_Schott_Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae_in_West_and_Central_Malesia.

Croat, T, Ortiz, O. (2020). ‘Distribution of Araceae and the Diversity of Life Forms’, Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 89, 3, 8939. 10.5586/asbp.8939.

DI Benedetto, A, Galmarini, C, Tognetti, J. (2018) ‘New insight into how thigmomorphogenesis affects Epipremnum aureum plant development’, Horticultura Brasileira 36, 330-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620180308.

Furtado, C.X. (1964) ‘Pothos aurea Hort Linden’, Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 20, 4, 3 77-380.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/partpdf/279382.

Herndon, A. (1985). ‘Naturalized aroids’, Journal of the International Aroid Society, 8, 2, 44-46. https://www.aroidsociety.org/aroideana/artpage.php?key=MDA4MDIwNA==G.

Hung, C, Zhang J, Bhattacharya, C et al. (2021). ‘Transformation of Long-Lived Albino Epipremnum aureum ‘Golden Pothos’ and Restoring Chloroplast Development’, Frontiers in Plant Science. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.647507/full.

Hung, C, Xie, J. (2009). ‘A comparison of plants regenerated from a variegated Epipremnum aureum,’ Biologia Plantarum 53, 4, 610-616. 10.1007/s10535-009-0112-1.

Meshram, A, Srivastava, N. (2015). ‘EPIPREMNUM AUREUM ( JADE POTHOS): A MULTIPURPOSE PLANT WITH ITS MEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES’,Journal of Critical Reviews 2, 2. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EPIPREMNUM-AUREUM-(JADE-POTHOS)%3A-A-MULTIPURPOSE-ITS-Meshram-Srivastava/5d2604e08aa06fb709bed8dd4cf4a642d706534d

Moodley, D, Proches, S, WIlson, J. (2017). ‘Assessing and managing the threat posed by Epipremnum aureum in South Africa’, South African Journal of Botany 109, 178–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2016.12.005.

Nyanatusita, B, Dissanayake, R. (2013). ‘Udawattakele: A Sanctuary Destroyed From Within’, Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society of Sri Lanka, 26, 5 & 6, 38–47.

Whistler, A. (1991). ‘The Ethnobotany of Tonga: The Plants, Their Tongan Names, and Their Uses’, Bishop Museum Series in Botany 2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294692549_The_Ethnobotany_of_Tonga_The_Plants_Their_Tongan_Names_and_Their_Uses.

Zhang, L, Routsong, R, Strand, S. (2018). ‘Greatly Enhanced Removal of Volatile Organic Carcinogens by a Genetically Modified Houseplant, Pothos Ivy ( Epipremnum aureum ) Expressing the Mammalian Cytochrome P450 2e1 Gene’, Environmental Science and Technology 53, 1. 10.1021/acs.est.8b04811.



Chapter 12 - Ficus lyrata, fiddle-leaf fig 

Anon, (30 September 1911) ‘Ficus pandurata = lyrata’ Gardeners’ Chronicle, 3, 50, 234. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83837.

Burrows, J, Burrows, S (2003). Figs of Southern and South-Central Africa, Umdaus Press.

Guan, X, (2019). ‘De novo transcriptomic sequencing unraveled the molecular mechanisms of VvMybA1 underlying the alteration of Ficus lyrata leaf color’, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 41, 16. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11738-019-2809-x.

Janzen, D. (1979). How to be a fig, Annual Review of Ecological Systems, 10, 13-51. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.10.110179.000305.

Jevanandam, N, Goh, A, Corlett, R. (2013). ‘Climate warming and the potential extinction of fig wasps, the obligate pollinators of figs,’ Biology Letters, 9, 3. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0041.

Ludwig, F, Middleton, W et al. (2019). ‘Living bridges using aerial roots of ficus elastica – an interdisciplinary perspective,’ Scientific Reports, 9, 12226. 10.1038/s41598-019-48652-w.

Rizvi, W, Rizvi, M et al. (2009). ‘Antibacterial Activity of Ficus lyrata -An In vitro Study,’ Internet Journal of Pharmacology 8, 2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215765579.

Zhao, J, Li, Z et al. ‘Purple-leaved Ficus lyrata plants produced by overexpressing a grapevine VvMybA1 gene’. Plant Cell Reports 32, 11. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255707111_Purple-leaved_Ficus_lyrata_plants_produced_by_overexpressing_a_grapevine_VvMybA1_gene.



Chapter 13 - Hedera helix, English ivy 

Ali, Nabil (2018). ‘Colourants made from aphids and ivy gum,’ Heritage Science 6, 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-018-0204-3.

McAllister, H, Rutherford, A, (1990). ‘Hedera helix L. and H. hibernica (Kirchner) Bean (Araliaceae) in the British Isles,’ Watsonia, 18, 7-15. http://archive.bsbi.org.uk/Wats18p7.pdf.

Melzer, B, Steinbrecher T et al. ‘The attachment strategy of English ivy: a complex mechanism acting on several hierarchical levels, ‘ Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 7, 50, 1383–1389. 10.1098/rsif.2010.0140.

Metcalfe, D. (2005). ‘Hedera helix L.’ Journal of Ecology, 93, 3, 632-648. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3599428.

Mueller Sulgrove, S (2004). Is Ivy Invasive? What’s Known about Ivy. An overview of the characteristics and behaviour of ivy, a review of the ivy literature, and a discussion of whether ivy is invasive,’ Ivy Journal 30, 5-71. http://www.ivy.org/pdf%20files/journals/Volume%2030%202004.pdf.

Pennisi, S, Oetting, R et al. (2009). ‘Commercial production of English ivy (Hedera helix L.),’ Bulletin, 1206, University of Georgia. https://hdl.handle.net/10724/12400.

Robbins, W. (1960). ‘Further Observations on Juvenile and Adult Hedera,’ American Journal of Botany, 47, 6, 485- 491. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2439564.

Robbins, W. (1964). ‘Topophysis, a Problem in Somatic Inheritance,’ American Philosophical Society, 108, 5, 395-403. https://www.jstor.org/stable/985812.

Rose, P, (1990). ‘An unusual case for a horticulturist,’ Professional Horticulture 4, 1, 41-21. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45121281.

Yalcinalp, E, Ozveren, S et al. (2017) ‘Habitat Effect on Urban Roof Vegetation,’ Sustainability 9, 1985. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325855562_Habitat_Effect_on_Urban_Roof_Vegetation.



Chapter 14 - Howea forsteriana, Kentia palm

Darnell-Smith, G. (1929) ‘The Kentia Palm Seed Industry, Lord Howe Island,’ Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), 1929, 1, 1-4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4115085.

Osborne, O, De-kayne, R et al. (2018) ‘Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote coexistence and niche divergence of sympatric palm species on a remote oceanic island,’ The New Phytologist, 217, 3, 1254- 1266. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/90018552.

Papadopulos, A, Baker, W et al. (2011) ‘Speciation with gene flow on Lord Howe Island,’ Biological Sciences 108, 32, 13188-13193. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1106085108.

Papadopulos, A, Igea, J et al. (2019) ‘Ecological speciation in sympatric palms,’ Evolution, 73, 9, 1986-1995. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48577477.

Plumptre, G. (1995) Strange tale of the Kentia palm’ Architectural Digest, October, 91-96. https://archive.architecturaldigest.com/article/1995/10/strange-tale-of-the-kentia-palm.

Pollock, N. (2017) ‘Lord Howe Island, Australia - Managing the Cultural Values of a World Heritage Island Ecosystem,’ Journal of World Heritage Studies, special issue, 75-79. http://doi.org/10.15068/00148453.

Skiba, R. (2011) ‘The whaleman and the princess: legends, history, and beating the odds in the South Seas,’ The Great Circle, 33, 1, 6-27. 10.2307/41563306.



Chapter 15 - Hoya carnosa, wax plant

Baltazar, A, Buot, I. (2019)Controversies on Hoya R. Br. Taxonomy,’ The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 13, 1, 59-68. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334204549_Controversies_on_Hoya_R_Br_Taxonomy.

Forster, P, Liddle, D. (1990) ‘Hoya R. BR. (Asclepiadacaea) in Australia - an alternative classification,’ Austrobaileya, 3, 2, 217-234. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41738757.

Kloppenburgh, D. (1993) ‘The Hoya Handbook: A Guide for the Grower and Collector,’ Orca Pub Co.

Kloppenburg, D. (1999) ‘The World of Hoyas: a Pictorial Guide,’ Hill-n'-dale Publishing. http://dalekloppenburg.blogspot.com/2017/02/the-world-of-hoyas-pictoral-guide-book.html.

Hill, K. (1988) ‘A revision of Hoya (Asclepiadaceae) in Australia,’ Telopea, 3, 2, 241–255. dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea19884811.

Martin, C, Hsu, R, Lin, T (2010) ‘Sun/shade adaptations of the photosynthetic apparatus of Hoya carnosa, an epiphytic CAM vine, in a subtropical rain forest in northeastern Taiwan,’ Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 32, 575–581. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-009-0434-9.

Matile, P. (2006) ‘Circadian rhythmicity of nectar secretion in Hoya carnosa,’ Botanica Helvetica 116, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-006-0740-4.

Mochizuki, K, Furukawa, S, Kawakita, A. (2017) ‘Pollinia transfer on moth legs in Hoya carnosa (Apocynaceae),’ American Journal of Botany, 104, 6, 953-960. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700078.

Rayder, L, Ting, I (1983) ‘CAM-idling in Hoya carnosa (Asclepiadaceae),’ Photosynthesis Research 4, 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041816.



Chapter 16 - Lithops, living stones 

Cole, D, Cole, N (2005) Lithops: Flowering Stones, Cactus & Co.

Gionata, S (2017) ‘Hypothesis on evolutionary origin and adaptative value of polymorphism in Lithops N.E.Br.,’ Bradleya 35, 35, 113-121. 10.25223/brad.n35.2017.a10.

Hammer, A (1999) Lithops: Treasures of the Veld, British Cactus and Succulent Society.

Sajeva, M, Oddo, E (2007) ‘Water Potential Gradients between Old and Developing Leaves in Lithops (Aizoaceae),’ Functional Plant Science and Biotechnology, 1, 2, 366-368. oai:iris.unipa.it:10447/10651.

Smith, G, Crouch, N (1999) ‘Mesembs in the muthimarket: Lithops lesliei as an ethnomedicinal plant,’ British Cactus & Succulent Journal 17, 3, 133-137. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42794691.

Sprechman, D (1970) Lithops, Fairleigh Dickinson University press.

Stewart R, Warner B. (2012) ‘William John Burchell: The multi-skilled polymath,’ South African Journal of Science 108, 11/12, 1207. http:// dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajs. v108i11/12.1207.



Chapter 17 - Monstera deliciosa, Swiss cheese plant 

Birdsey, M, (1951) The Cultivated Aroids, The Gillick Press.

Campbell, C (1986) ‘Tropical fruit crops in Florida - a rapidly changing situation,’ Proceedings of Florida State Horticultural Society, 99, 217-219. https://journals.flvc.org/fshs/article/download/94830/90853.

Chouteau, M, Barabé, D, Gibernau, M (20S09) ‘Flowering and thermogenetic cycles in two species of Monstera [Araceae],’ Bulletin de la Société d’Histoires Naturelles de Toulouse, 145, 5-10. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258926222_Flowering_and_thermogenetic_cycles_in_two_species_of_Monstera_Araceae.

Fonseca, M, Jiménez, P (2020) ‘A comparison of Monstera deliciosa and M. tacanaensis, with comments on Monstera section Tornelia (Araceae),’ Journal of the International Aroid Society 43, 1&2, 32–73. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344377658_A_comparison_of_Monstera_deliciosa_and_M_tacanaensis_with_comments_on_Monstera_section_Tornelia_Araceae.

Jiménez, P, Hentrich, H, (2019) ‘A Review on the Pollination of Aroids with Bisexual Flowers,’ Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 104,1, 83-104. 10.3417/2018219.

Madison, M (1977) ‘A revision of Monstera (Araceae),’ Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, 207, 3-100. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41764722.

Muir, C (2013) ‘How Did the Swiss Cheese Plant Get Its Holes?’ The American Naturalist, 181, 2, 273-281. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/668819.

Plowman, T (1969) ‘Folk Uses of New World Aroids,’ Economic Botany, 23, 2, 97- 122. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4253029.

Szczygielska, M, Cielemęcka, O (2019). ‘Introduction to special section: Plantarium: Human–vegetal ecologies,’ Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience, 5, 2, 1-12. https://catalystjournal.org/index.php/catalyst/issue/view/2248.



Chapter 18 - Nephrolepis exaltata ‘Bostoniensis’, Boston fern 

Anon (1917) ‘Nephrolepis varieties at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden,’ Gardeners’ Chronicle 3, 61-62. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83846.

Benedict, R (1953) ‘The Tallest United States Fern,’ American Fern Journal, 43, 3, 117-121. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1545768.

Benedict, R, (1916) ‘Some Horticultural Fern Variations,’ American Fern Journal, 6, 1, 8-15. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1543848.

Benedict, R (1916) ‘The Origin of New Varieties of Nephrolepis by Orthogenetic Saltation. I. Progressive Variations,’ Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 43, 5, 207-234. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2479579.

Blaydes, G (1940) ‘Evolution of Boston fern varieties,’ American Biology Teacher, 2, 6, 145-146. https://eurekamag.com/research/024/644/024644687.php.

Conover, C (1973) ‘Florida's Changing Foliage Industry,’ HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science 8, 6, 462-464. 10.21273/HORTSCI.8.6.462.

Morton, C (1958) ‘Observations on Cultivated Ferns. V. The Species and Forms of Nephrolepis,’ American Fern Journal, 48, 1, 18-27. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1544893.

Schall, W, Huo, H et al. (2018) ‘Cultural Guidelines for Commercial Production of Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltata ‘Bostoniensis’), 1. 10.32473/edis-ep550-2018.



Chapter 19 - Opuntia microdasys, bunny ears cactus 

Britton, N, The Cactaceae : descriptions and illustrations of plants of the cactus family, 1, 121-122. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/100137.

Cao, M, Ju, J et al (2014) ‘Facile and Large-Scale Fabrication of a Cactus-Inspired Continuous Fog Collector,’ Advanced Functional Materials, 24, 21, 3235-3240. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303661.

Chahdoura, H, Khlifi, A et al (2018) ‘Protective potential of Opuntia microdasys flower decoction on fructose-alloxan-induced diabetic rats on kidney and pancreas: chemical and immunohistochemical analyses,’ Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, 33645–33655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3290-6.

Chapman, P, Martin, M (1957) ‘Opuntia microdasys,’ The National Cactus and Succulent Journal, 12, 4, 88. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42788096.

Crook, R, Mottram, R (2000) ‘Opuntia Index Part 6: M-O,’ Bradleya, 18, 113-140. https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n18.2000.a9.

Danter, L, Baars, A et al (2017) ‘Biological fog collectors: A numerical study of droplet behaviour on microstructured surfaces,’ Conference Bionik: Patente aus der Natur. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312219600_Biological_fog_collectors_A_numerical_study_of_droplet_behaviour_on_microstructured_surfaces.

Ford, A, Haywood, S, Gallo, D (2019) ‘Novel Method for Removing Embedded Cactus Spines in the Emergency Department,’ Case Reports in Emergency Medicine, 6062531. 10.1155/2019/6062531.

Hemenway, A, Allen, M (1936) ‘A Study of the Pubescence of Cacti,’ American Journal of Botany 23, 2, 139-144. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2436308.

Ju, J, Bai, H et al (2012) A multi-structural and multi-functional integrated fog collection system in cactus,’ Nature Communications 4, 3, 1247. 10.1038/ncomms2253.

Komine, K, Kubota, Y (2018) ‘Study on water absorption of cactus,’ 5th International Conference on Experimental Fluid Mechanics – ICEFM 2018 Munich.

Mandujano, M, Golubov, J, Huenneke, L (2013) ‘Reproductive Ecology of Opuntia macrocentra (Cactaceae) in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert,’ The American Midland Naturalist, 169, 2, 274-285. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23525690.

Monje, P, Baran, E (2002) ‘Characterization of Calcium Oxalates Generated as Biominerals in Cacti,’ Plant Physiology, 128, 2, 707-713. http://www.jstor.com/stable/4280337.

Noble, W (1972) ‘A Handful of Glochids,’ The National Cactus and Succulent Journal 27, 2, 62. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42791659.

Palleiro, N, Mandujano, M, Golubov, J (2006) ‘Aborted Fruits of Opuntia microdasys (Cactaceae): Insurance against Reproductive Failure,’ American Journal of Botany 93, 4, 505- 511. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4125562.

Pinkava, D (2003) ‘Cactaceae Cactus Family, Part Six.. Opuntia P. Miller Prickly-Pears’ Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 35, 2, Vascular Plants of Arizona: Part 7, 137-150. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40019715.

Robinson, H (1974) ‘Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of the Spines and Glochids of the Opuntioideae (Cactaceae),’ American Journal of Botany, 61, 3, 278-283. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2441606.

Smith, G, Figueiredo, E et al (2011) ‘South Africa’s ongoing Opuntia Mill. (Cactaceae) problem: the case of Opuntia microdasys (Lehm.) Pfeiff,’ Bradleya, 73-78. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230874184_South_Africa's_ongoing_Opuntia_Mill_Cactaceae_problem_the_case_of_O_microdasys_Lehm_Pfeiff.

Soberon, J, Golubov, J, Sarukhán, J (2001) ‘The Importance of Opuntia in Mexico and Routes of Invasion and Impact of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae),’ The Florida Entomologist, 84, 4, 486-492. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3496376.

Speirs, D, (1978) ‘Spines and Glochids,’ The Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain, 40, 2, 54-55. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42786706.

Whiting, D, Bristow, J (1975) ‘Dermatitis and Keratoconjunctivitis Caused by a Prickly Pear (Opuntia microdasys),’ South African Medical Journal 49, 1445. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1166362/.



Chapter 20 - Oxalis triangularis, false shamrock 

Campbell, D. (April 2001). ‘Oxalis, a four-season wonder,’ Pennsylvania Horticultural Society Green Scene, 30-31. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51783824#page/93/mode/1up.

Ensikat, H, Ditsche-Kuru, P et al. (2011). ‘Superhydrophobicity in perfection: the outstanding properties of the lotus leaf,’ Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2, 152-161. 10.3762/bjnano.2.19.

Minorsky, P. (2019). ‘The functions of foliar nyctinasty: a review and hypothesis,’ Biological Reviews 94, 1, 216-229. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12444.

Nesom, G. (2009). ‘Taxonomic notes on acaulescent Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) in the United States,’ Phytologia 91, 3, 501-526. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/TAXONOMIC-NOTES-ON-ACAULESCENT-OXALIS-%28OXALIDACEAE%29-Nesom/5599f76add042008d5df6c6abbb51b26327aadd0.

Soni, R, Joshi, S, Karmacharya, M et al. (2021). ‘Superhydrophobic and Self-Sterilizing Surgical Masks Spray-Coated with Carbon Nanotubes,’ ACS Applied Nano Materials 4, 8, 8491-8499. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.1c01082.

Suhaimi, S, Nasri, M et al. (2020). ‘Ultraviolet-visible absorbance analysis on solvent dependent effect of tropical plant anthocyanin extraction for dye-sensitized solar cells,’ AIP Conference Proceedings 2203, 020054. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5142146

Wang, X, Shi, Y et al. (2013). ‘Superhydrophobicity on the leaves of oxalis triangularis purpurea,’ Chemistry Bulletin 76, 1, 87-90. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289113693_Superhydrophobicity_on_the_leaves_of_oxalis_triangularis_purpurea



Chapter 21 - Pilea peperomioides, Chinese money plant 

Downing, A, Atwell, B, Downing, K. (2020) ‘Plant of the week: Pilea peperomioides, mirror grass, chinese money plant, UFO plant, missionary plant,’ Maquarie University plant of the week, May. http://bio.mq.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Plant-of-the-week-Pilea-peperomioides-Chinese-Money-Plant.pdf.

Forrest, G (1910). ‘The Perils of Plant Collecting,’ The Gardeners’ Chronicle 3, 47, 325, 326, 344. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83834 .

Jeffries, L (1994). ‘Abnormal Behaviour of Male Flowers of Pilea peperomioides in Cultivation,’ British Cactus & Succulent Journal 12, 3, 104. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42794732.

Lancaster, R, Kers, L. (1985) ‘Readers’ letters,’ The Kew Magazine 2, 3, 334-336. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45066403.

Pearson, R (9 January 1983). ‘Chinese puzzle,’ Sunday Telegraph 8. link.gale.com/apps/doc/IO0702194005/TGRH?u=lonlib&sid=bookmark- TGRH&xid=0ff7a177.

Radcliffe-Smith, A (1984) ‘5. PILEA PEPEROMIOIDES: Urticaceae,’ The Kew Magazine 1, 1, 14-19. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45066542.

Radcliffe-Smith, A (1997). ‘A supplementary note on the cultivation of Pilea peperomioides,’ Curtis's Botanical Magazine 14, 1, 55-56. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45065948.

Walker, C, Levers, M (1993). ‘Pilea peperomioides - A Chinese Member of the Stinging Nettle Family,’ British Cactus & Succulent Journal 11, 4, 98-99. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42794643.

Winter, K, Garcia, M (2021). ‘Low-level CAM photosynthesis in a succulent-leaved member of the Urticaceae, Pilea peperomioides,’ Functional Plant Biology 48, 683–690. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP20151.



Chapter 22 - Sansevieria trifasciata, snake plant 

Ávila, J, Santos de Mello, A. et al. (2017)Agrobiodiversity and in situ conservation in quilombola home gardens with different intensities of urbanization,’ Acta Botanica Brasilica 31, 1, 1-10. 10.1590/0102-33062016abb0299.

Borukati, S, Prasad, B et al. (2021). ‘Thermal and wear properties of sansevieria trifasciata green fiber–carbon fiber polymer hybrid composite,’ Materials Research Express 8, 6. 10.1088/2053-1591/ac0abd.

Brown, N (1915). ‘Sansevieria. A Monograph of All the Known Species,’ Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), 5, 185-261. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4107465.

Butler, A (1997). ‘Sansevierias — a guide part one,’ British Cactus & Succulent Journal 15, 4, 170-174. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42793512.

Butler, A (1998). ‘Sansevierias — a guide part two,’ British Cactus & Succulent Journal 16, 2, 99-102. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42792405.

D.M. (1887) ‘X - Bowstring hemp,’ Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 5, 1-11. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4111471.

Geertsma1, I, Françozo, M et al. (2021). ‘What’s in a name? Revisiting medicinal and religious plants at an Amazonian market,’ Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 17, 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-021-00433-4.

Henley, R. (1982). ‘Sansevieria in Florida, past and present,’ Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 95, 295-298.

Kanimozhi, M (2011). ‘Investigating the Physical Characteristics of Sansevieria trifasciata fibre,’ International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 1, 1, 1-4.

Kawa, C (2012). ‘Magic Plants of Amazonia and Their Contribution to Agrobiodiversity,’ Human Organization 71, 3, 225-233. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44148655.

Pagnocca, T, Zank, S, Hanazaki, N (2020). “The plants have axé”: investigating the use of plants in Afro-Brazilian religions of Santa Catarina Island,’ Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 16, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-020-00372-6.

van den Berg, M (1984). ‘Ver-o-Peso: The Ethnobotany of an Amazonian Market,’ Advances in Economic Botany 1, Ethnobotany in the Neotropics, 140-149. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43931373.

Voeks, R (1996). ‘Tropical Forest Healers and Habitat Preference,’ Economic Botany 50, 4, 381-400. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4255881.

Li, X, Yang, Y (2020). ‘Preliminary study on Cd accumulation characteristics in Sansevieria trifasciata Prain,’ Plant Diversity 42, 5, 351-355.



Chapter 23 - Saxifraga stolonifera, strawberry saxifrage 

Anon (1790-1791). ‘Saxifraga stolonifera, strawberry saxifrage,’ Curtis’s Botanical magazine 3-4, 92. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7354.

Anon (1842). ‘Of trellis and trailing plants,’ The Floricultural Cabinet and Florist's Magazine 10, 126-129. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53968.

Clarke, D (2017). ‘Chinese visitors to 18th century Britain and their contribution to its cultural and intellectual life,’ Curtis's Botanical Magazine 34, 3, 398-521. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48505845.pdf.

Goodman, J, Crane, P (2017). The life and work of John Bradby Blake,’ Curtis's Botanical Magazine 34, 4, 231-250. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48505832.

McMahon, B. (1819). The American Gardener's calendar, 470. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/199194.

Ohwi, J. (1965) Flora of Japan : in English : combined, much revised and extended translation, 503, Smithsonian Institution. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/95083.

Willats, T. (1836). The Florist Cultivator, 46. J Ridgeway. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/61130.

Zhang, M, Liu, D, Zhang, Y (2019). ‘Rapid analysis of the bioactive components in Saxifraga stolonifera, an edible and medicinal herb with anti-tumor effects, by HPLC-DAD, ESI/MSn,’ Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 92, 123-129 (2019), 10.5073/JABFQ.2019.092.017.



Chapter 24 - Spathiphyllum, peace lily 

Bercu, R; Făgăraș, M (March 2010). ‘Anatomical Aspects of the Ornamental Plant Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel,’ Scientific Study & Research – Biology, 18, 13–17.

Bunting, G (1960). ‘A revision of Spathiphyllum (Araceae),’ Memoirs of New York Botanic Gardens 10, 1-54. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/150908#page/7/mode/1up.

Cardona, F (2004). ‘Synopsis of the Genus Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Colombia,’ Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91, 3, 448-456. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3298621.

Constantino, L (1993). ‘Notes on Haetera from Colombia, with description of the immature stages of Haetera piera,’ Tropical Lepidoptera 4, 1, 13-15. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268390059_Notes_on_Haetera_from_Colombia_with_description_of_the_immature_stages_of_Haetera_piera_LepidopteraNymphalidae_Satyrinae.

Díaz-Jiménez, P et al. (2019). ‘A Review on the Pollination of Aroids with Bisexual Flowers,’ Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 104, 1, 83–104. 10.3417/2018219.

Dressler, R (1982). ‘Biology of the Orchid Bees (Euglossini),’ Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13, 373-394. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2097073.

Kwon K, Park, B (2021). ‘Efficiency of Spathiphyllum spp. as a plant-microbial fuel cell,’ Ornamental Horticulture 27, 2, 173-182. 10.1590/2447-536x.v27i2.2264.

Miller, D (1991). ‘Butterfly Eye-spots and Corneal Reflections,’ European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery 3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/sdfe/pdf/download/eid/1-s2.0-S0955368113800846/first-page-pdf.

Pavlović, I, Tarkowski A et al. (2019). ‘Green spathe of peace lily (Spathiphyllum wallisii): An assimilate source for developing fruit,’ South African Journal of Botany 124, 54-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.04.014.

Williams, N, Dressler, R (1976). ‘Euglossine pollination of Spathiphyllum (Araceae),’ Selbyana 1, 4, 349-356. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41759603.



Chapter 25 - Zamioculcas zamiifolia, ZZ plant 

Chen, J, Henny, R (2003). ‘ZZ: A Unique Tropical Ornamental Plant,’ HortTechnology 13, 3, 458-462. 10.21273/HORTTECH.13.3.0458.

Cutter, E (1962). ‘Regeneration in Zamioculcas: an Experimental Study,’ Annals of Botany 26, 101, 55-70. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42907618.

Gamage, M (2020). ‘Two cases of accidental poisoning with Zamioculcas zamiifolia,’ Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 49, 2, 195-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v49i2.8975.

Grayum, M (1990). ‘Evolution and Phylogeny of the Araceae,’ Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 77, 4, 628-697. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2399668.

Holtum, J, Winter, K et al. (2007). ‘Crassulacean Acid Metabolism in the ZZ Plant, Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Araceae),’ American Journal of Botany 94, 10, 1670-1676. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27733339.

J.D.H. (1872) ‘Zamioculcas loddigesii,’ Curtis's Botanical Magazine 98, 3, 28, Tab. 5985. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14226.

Jenny, R (2008). ‘The Botanical Cabinet,’ Lankesteriana; 8, 2. 10.15517/lank.v0i0.7926.

Le Moullec, A et al. (2015). ‘First identification of natural products from the African medicinal plant Zamioculcas zamiifolia - A drought resistant survivor through millions of years,’ Fitoterapia, 106, 280-285. 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.011.

Mayo, S, Bogner, J, Boyce, P (1997). ‘The Genera of Araceae',’ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter-Boyce-2/publication/269552716_The_Genera_of_Araceae/links/55c6db2708aeca747d633af7/The-Genera-of-Araceae.pdf

Morris, B (1970). ‘The nature and origin of Brachystegia woodland,’ The Commonwealth Forestry Review 49, 2 (140), 155-158, 168. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42603891.

Muharini, R et al. (2018) ‘Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and cytotoxicity of Zamioculcas zamiifolia root extract,’ Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 1, 2, 62-67. 10.26418/indonesian.v1i2.30530.

Sivilla, R, Méndez Santos, I (2020). ‘Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Araceae), an African Species Cultivated in Cuba,’ Agrisost 26, 1, 1-7. https://www.academia.edu/74830458/Zamioculcas_zamiifolia_Araceae_an_African_Species_Cultivated_in_Cuba.

Walker, C (2004). ‘Two succulent aroids,’ British Cactus & Succulent Journal 22, 4, 185-187. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42793977.